Two biologists, Hershey and Chase, contributed to the understanding of the cellular element that served as the genetic material.
- A colony of bacteria-infecting bacteriophages that had been radioactively marked was part of the experimental setup used to find the genetic material.
- The radioactive form of sulfur was used to indicate the proteinaceous coat of one set of bacteriophages, while radioactive phosphorus molecules were used to mark the DNA's nucleic acid content in the other group.
- These were permitted to infect two different bacterial strains, and radioactive materials were found. It was found that whereas sulfur was not transported inside the bacteria, radioactive phosphorus particles were.
- The Hershey and Chase experiment would have revealed the passage of radioactive sulfur within the bodies of infected bacteria if the protein had been the genetic material.
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