The process of clonal selection induces the proliferation of antigen specific T cells and B cells.
A full-fledged spontaneous proliferation in which T lymphocytes with greater affinities to MHC-self-antigens (and commensal antigens) are activated for proliferation is brought on by the absence of any memory population.
Antigens attach to antibodies in humoral immunity, activating B cells to create plasma cells and memory B cells. Then, antigens identify them for eradication. In cell-mediated immunity, the antigen is engulfed by macrophages, which then expose it on their surface. Helper T cells attach to and activate macrophages.
Cell-mediated immune responses include the destruction of infected cells by cytotoxic T cells or the destruction of intracellular pathogens by macrophages.
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