Imprinting takes place at a 'critical period'; if imprinting does not take place in time, the goslings do not attach themselves to a mother figure.
Imprinting, initially described by naturalist Konrad Lorenz in the 1930s, happens when an animal creates a connection to the first item it sees after hatching. Lorenz noticed that newly hatched goslings would flock to the first moving item they encountered, which was frequently Lorenz himself.
Despite being of a different species, Lorenz was able to persuade geese to imprint on him as their mother. Lorenz studied imprinting by observing animals in their natural surroundings. He also used the technique of empathising with animals.
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