there is a volcanic island with a single population of mice that covers the island. a volcanic eruption occurs and splits the original population in two (a1 and a2). you had collected samples of dna from the original population a prior to the eruption, as well as the two populations that resulted after the volcanic eruption. your descendants have fortunately inherited your fascination with rodent genetics. fifty thousand years after the original volcanic eruption, your descendants return to the island and repeat the same sampling and dna sequencing strategy.

The more time that passes, the more sequence discrepancies between two populations accumulate. It is more likely that genetic variation in DNA sequences will be relatively minimal within populations.

What is genetic variation?

The difference in DNA sequences between individuals within a group is referred to as genetic variation. Variation occurs in both germ cells (sperm and egg) and somatic (all other) cells.

In terms of genes Persons with blue eyes, for example, have one allele of the eye color gene, whereas people with brown eyes have a different allele of the gene.

What causes genetic variation?

Mutation (which can create whole new alleles in a population), random mating, random fertilization, and recombination between homologous chromosomes during meiosis (which reshuffles alleles within an organism's offspring) can all cause genetic variety.

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