It is typically understood that it is not necessary for the expert testimony to pass all four tests. Confirmed the latitude and discretion that a trial judge has in deciding whether to include or exclude expert witness testimony. Confirmed the role of the trial judge as the gatekeeper.
The gatekeeper is responsible for the administration of the patient's treatment, and this person must coordinate and obtain authorization for all medical services, laboratory studies, specialty referrals, and hospitalizations.
Gatekeepers are people in positions of authority in the mass media, editors, producers, talent scouts, etc. they're in charge for example of what song gets played on a radio station, what stories are on the front pg of the newspaper, etc.
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