Energy + C(s) + O2(g) = CO2(g) + energy
Carbon is transformed from a solid state to a gaseous state by the initial heat source. Additionally, this energy is sufficient to dissolve O2's double bond and separate it into oxygen atoms.
Thus, the CO2 molecule is now formed by the union of the two gaseous atoms of carbon and oxygen. Heat energy is evolved during this extremely exothermic combining process. This is referred to as combustion heat.
The original heat source is sometimes referred to as the ignition temperature. The initial heating of any combustible substance is not necessary. Heat is not necessary for the reactions of highly electropositive metals, such as phosphorus and alkali metals.
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