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Aldehyde and ketone both have an IR peak at roughly 1700–1725 cm-1 for their C=O bonds. Since the C-H bond in aldehyde exhibits an IR peak between 2700 and 2800 cm-1, peak 2 is used to distinguish aldehyde from ketone. Based on this spectrum, the separation of an aldehyde from a ketone would be possible with 2 label peaks.
Any member of the family of organic compounds known as an aldehyde contains a carbon atom that also shares a single bond with a hydrogen atom, a double bond with an oxygen atom, and a double bond with another atom or group of atoms (designated R in general chemical formulas and structure diagrams). All aldehydes have what is known as the carbonyl group, a double bond between carbon and oxygen.
Aldehydes go through a range of chemical processes, such as polymerization. Aldehyde condensation polymers, which have been utilized in plastics like Bakelite and the laminate tabletop material Formica, are created when these molecules combine with other types of molecules.
Aldehydes have further uses as solvents, components of perfumes, and as processing steps in the manufacture of medications and colors. Physiological processes are affected by some aldehydes. Examples include retinal (vitamin A aldehyde), a crucial component of human vision, and pyridoxal phosphate, a vitamin B6 form. A number of organic and synthetic hormones, as well as glucose and other' reducing sugars,' are aldehydes.
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