The equation for the reaction occurs when a few drops of hydrochloric acid are added to the buffer is:
[tex]NaOH[/tex] + [tex]Na[/tex][tex]C_{2[/tex][tex]H_{3}[/tex][tex]O_{2}[/tex] → [tex]HC_{2} H_{3} O_{2}[/tex] + [tex]Na_{2}O[/tex]
The NH3 uses the extra H+ ions that were added to the system by the addition of HCl (strong acid) to produce [tex]NH_{4}[/tex]+. Since all extra H+ ions have been captured and changed. The pH of the system hasn't altered significantly; [tex]NH_{4}[/tex]+ is a weaker acid.
When a strong acid (H3O+) is given to the buffer solution, the conjugate base in the buffer eats the hydronium ion, converting it into the water and the conjugate base's weak acid. As a result, there are more weak acids present and fewer conjugate bases as well.
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