The correct option is c. The type of selection that favored progressively larger brain size in human evolution is directional selection.
In population genetics, directional selection is a type of negative natural selection when a very extreme phenotype is preferred over other phenotypes, resulting in a gradual shift in allele frequency in favor of that trait. In directional selection, the beneficial allele grows as a result of variations in phenotypic survival and reproduction. Increases happen regardless of whether the allele is dominant or recessive, and even if it is recessive, it will eventually become fixed.
Charles Darwin initially identified directional selection as a type of natural selection in his book On the Origin of Species. Stabilizing and disruptive selection are further types of natural selection. The concepts are the same in all selection types, however they change significantly.
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