General description of n-type and p-type conductors:
In n-type semiconductors, the semiconductor has pentavalent impurities. Electrons are the main carriers while holes are the minority carriers. In the energy band diagram for n-type semiconductors, the energy level of the donor is slightly below the bottom of the conduction band, so electrons can move into the conduction band even when they have low energy inputs.
In p-type semiconductors, the semiconductor has trivalent impurities. Holes are the main carriers and electrons are the minority carriers. In the p-type energy band diagram, the acceptor energy level is slightly above the top of the valence band.
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