The relative risk of the disease influences this measure of effect in exposed individuals versus unexposed individuals and the prevalence of exposure in the population.
As stated, the population etiology fraction measures the disease rate in a population attributable to the exposure of interest. A measure that is primarily determined by the exposure caused by a particular disease. Therefore, it may be influenced by the relative risk of the disease in exposed individuals versus unexposed individuals, as well as the prevalence in the population of the exposure.
An epidemiological tool is the Population Attributable Risk, also called the Etiologic Fraction or Attributable Fraction. Efforts to eliminate a given risk factor would be expected to reduce the attributable risk to a specific percentage. The attributable risk of disease is calculated by combining the relative risk for a given exposure with the prevalence of the exposure in the population.
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