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Examples of defensive industries are food producers, pharmaceutical firms, and public utilities. Thus, the correct option is (e.) a, c, and d.
What are defensive industries?
Defensive sectors are those that are largely stable or impervious to economic swings, such as economic expansions and recessions. Defensive enterprises are generally untouched by an economic boom or recession since their earnings are unaffected by economic swings. The industry is often made up of enterprises that deal with market necessities, i.e., necessities. Utility companies, for example, are defensive since customer demand does not fall as much during downturns. Whether the economy is in a slump or not, consumers require energy, water, heating, and air conditioning. Consumer goods and healthcare are the other two key defensive industries.
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