An individual who endangers their own life by jumping onto railway tracks to rescue a stranger is best seen as exemplifying altruism.
Altruism is the moral precept and action of caring about the happiness and/or welfare of other people or animals, leading to a higher quality of physical and spiritual life. It is regarded as a traditional virtue in many cultures and a fundamental component of many religious and nonreligious worldviews. The topic(s) of concern, however, varies across cultures and religions. Altruism can, in some cases, be synonymous with selflessness, which is the antithesis of selfishness.
In biological observations of field populations of living things, altruism refers to a person acting without expecting reward or reciprocation for doing something that benefits another person either directly or indirectly at the expense of themselves.
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