Respuesta :
pH before addition of any KOH = 4.10
pH after addition of any KOH = 7.40
What is pH?
The quantitative measure of the acidity or basicity of aqueous or other liquid solutions is known as pH. In pure neutral (neither acidic nor alkaline) water, the concentration of hydrogen ions is 10⁻⁷ gram-equivalents per liter, which means a pH of 7. Solutions below pH 7 are acidic. Solutions of pH greater than 7 are basic or alkaline.
For the given question:
HClO ⇄ H⁺ + ClO⁻
Kₐ = 4 × 10⁻⁸
Kₐ = [H⁺ ][ClO⁻]/[HClO]
Let, [H⁺ ] = [ClO⁻] = x
Since [HClO] = 0.160 M
Then,
4 × 10⁻⁸ = x²/0.160
x = 8.0 × 10⁻⁵ M which is [H⁺ ]
pH = -log[H⁺ ]
pH = 4.10
Now initial moles of HClO = 0.05L × 0.160 mol/L
= 8 × 10⁻³ mol
Addition of 25.0 ml KOH adds 4 × 10⁻³ mol of KOH which reacts with HCl forming 4 × 10⁻³ mol ClO⁻ leaving 4 × 10⁻³ mol of HClO
Concentration [ClO⁻] = 4 × 10⁻³ mol / 0.0750L
= 0.0533M
Now,
Kₓ = 4 × 10⁻⁸
= [H⁺ ](0.0533)/(0.0533)
[H⁺ ] = 4 × 10⁻⁸
pH = 7.40
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