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John Stuart Mill argues that the just society is the one that distributes benefits and burdens in whatever way will produce the greatest social benefits or inflict the lowest social harms.
Who was John Stuart Mill?
John Stuart Mill (1806-1873) was an influential philosopher, economist, politician, and senior official in the East India Company.
Mill combined economics with philosophy. He believed in a moral theory called utilitarianism—that actions that lead to people's happiness are right and that those that lead to suffering are wrong. Among economists, he's best-known for his 1848 work, Principles of Political Economy, which became a leading economic textbook for decades after its publication.
What Is John Stuart Mill's Utilitarianism Philosophy?
John Stuart's Mill's utilitarianism has three basic tenets:
- Pleasure or happiness is the only thing that has true, intrinsic value.
- Actions are right insofar as they promote happiness; wrong insofar as they produce unhappiness.
- Everyone's happiness counts equally.
Utilitarianism is appealing because it takes over the model of making decisions that individuals would make concerning their own lives.
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