David has a lot of other sources of reinforcement, like good grades, soccer team wins, and parental praise, so the quantitative law of effect says that David is less likely to turn to drugs, sex, or alcohol for reinforcement.
In his research on classical (Pavlovian) conditioning, Ivan Pavlov was the first to name and describe the learning and memory phenomenon known as spontaneous recovery.It refers to the delayed reemergence of an extinguished conditioned response in that context.
By providing a stimulus following a behavior, positive reinforcement increases the likelihood of that behavior being repeated. Negative reinforcement also makes it more likely that a certain action will be taken, but it does so by removing an undesirable outcome.
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