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New York Times Co. v. Sullivan was the case in which the U.S. Supreme Court determined that proof of malice was a prerequisite for a libel conviction.

A significant U.S. Supreme Court case, New York Times Co. v. Sullivan, 376 U.S. 254 (1964), held that the First Amendment's freedom of expression safeguards restrict the capacity of American public officials to bring libel lawsuits. According to the ruling, if the plaintiff in a defamation suit is a public official or contender for public office, they must also demonstrate that the claim was made with "actual malice," which means that the defendant either knew the claim was incorrect or carelessly disregarded whether it could be false, in addition to the usual elements of defamation, such as the publishing of an untrue defamation claim to a third party.

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