The answer is by placing a hemispherical dome on a square base.
What is Hagia Sophia?
Hagia Sophia was the magnificent church at Constantinople.
When visiting the beautiful city of Istanbul, Turkey, don't forget to visit the amazing and grandiose church of Hagia Sophia. Istambul, Turkey is the place where, in ancient times, was located the city of Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire.
Dedicated in 537, the huge building that forms the church was built under the direction of Justinian I, the great Emperor of the Byzantine Empire. Its four large pillars in the form of a spear and the impressive dome make Hagia Sophia church and icon of the city and one of the most representative places of Europe.
It was Justinian’s architects who succeeded in integrating two previously distinct architectural traditions in the Hagia Sophia: the central-plan structure with its vertical orientation and the basilica with its longitudinal orientation.
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