The number of Supreme Court Justices is not predetermined by the Constitution; rather, it is determined by Congress. However, since 1869, there has been nine Justices, with one Chief Justice, down from as few as six.
The Senate must give its consent before the President may designate Supreme Court justices. The Constitution mandates the judges serve during "good Behaviour," which has historically meant life terms, in order to guarantee an impartial judiciary and shield justices from partisan pressures.
Congress has the power to alter the capacity of the Supreme Court under the Constitution. That power has already been exercised seven times by Congress. Congress must increase the size of the Supreme Court by 4 or more seats in order to bring harmony and integrity back to a damaged institution.
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