Throughout the first half of the nineteenth century, women reformers were most active in the cause of Temperance.
Modern definitions of temperance include moderation or voluntarily exercising restraint. It is sometimes explained in terms of what someone willingly chooses not to do. This includes restraining oneself from seeking revenge by using nonviolence and forgiveness, restraining oneself from haughtiness by using modesty and humility, restraining oneself from excesses like extravagant luxury or overindulging, and restraining oneself from rage or craving by using composure and self-control.
Religious thinkers, philosophers, and more recently psychologists, notably those involved with the positive psychology movement, have all praised temperance as a virtue. Philosophical and religious thought has a lengthy history.
The virtue is frequently pictured in classical iconography as a woman holding two vessels that are moving water from one to the other.
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