DAT stands for direct antiglobulin test which is used to determine whether red blood cells (RBCs) have been coated in vivo with immunoglobulin, complement, or both.
A direct antiglobulin test (DAT) is used to determine whether red blood cells (RBCs) are coated in vivo with immunoglobulins, complement, or both. The direct antiglobulin test is sometimes colloquially called the direct Coombs test because it is based on a test developed by Coombs, Mourant, and Race.
In contrast, the indirect antiglobulin test (IAT), commonly known as the indirect Coombs test, is used to measure antibodies in serum or plasma. A direct antiglobulin test (DAT) is used to detect immunoglobulins and/or complement on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). DAT is useful in evaluating autoimmune hemolytic anemia, drug-induced hemolysis, hemolytic disease of the newborn, hemolytic transfusion reactions, and passenger lymphocyte syndrome.
DAT has some limitations:
Interpretation of the DAT should also consider patient history, diagnosis, and other laboratory test results.
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