For most of human history, people lived in societies characterized by band of sociopolitical organization.
In anthropology, a band is a hypothetical sort of human social structure made up of a small group of individuals (30 to 50) that collaborate on tasks including subsistence, safety, ritual, and caring for young children and the elderly. The word "band" has roots in a number of European dialects; it was first used to refer to a group of individuals who were a part of sociopolitical organization.
The term "band-level society," employed by 19th-century anthropologists, researchers, and explorers to characterise hunting and gathering tribes, was used to denote the first step in theories of unilineal cultural evolution. Up to the middle of the 20th century, the word was used in an evolutionary sense.
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