When, where, and how much a gene is expressed in a cell depends on the histones and epigenetic elements working together.
In eukaryotic cells, there are proteins called histones that serve two purposes. They support the maintenance of DNA in a compact state and control the loosening the tightening of DNA strands, which controls the expression of genes.
Epigenetic factors are substances that alter the gene to control how a gene expresses itself. Both of these modifications are not heritable and do not result in mutations. These are transient alterations such DNA remodeling, methylation, and alkylation, among others.
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