A human cell contains between 20 000 and 25 000 genes, compared to about 4000 genes in an E. coli cell. That is why the human genome is larger than E. coli.
The haploid set of chromosomes in a gamete or microorganism, or in each cell of a multicellular organism is known as genome of an organism. In other words, the complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism can be called the genome of the organism.
A chromosome is a lengthy DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material of an organism. The very long, thin DNA fibers in most chromosomes are covered with packing proteins; in eukaryotic cells, the histones are the most significant of these proteins.
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