This is an example of a double displacement reaction where chloride ions replace sulphate ions and vice versa.
When a portion of two ionic compounds is swapped, a double displacement reaction takes place, creating two new components. In aqueous solutions, where ions precipitate and exchange occurs, double displacement processes are most common.
For instance, a white precipitate of barium sulphate quickly forms when a solution of barium chloride and sodium sulphate are combined. These are ionic-based reactions. When the reactants are dissolved in water, they turn into ions, and when ions exchange in the solution, a product molecule is created.
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