The main reason hurricanes don't develop over the South Atlantic Ocean adjacent to South America is because the surface water temperatures are too cold.
Hurricanes find it difficult or practically impossible to acquire or sustain tropical features in waters that are cooler than 79 degrees. Any body of water that is above ground is considered to be surface water, and this includes creeks, wetlands, lakes, rivers, and streams. The hydrologic cycle, sometimes known as the water cycle, includes the transportation of water to and from the surface of the Earth.
Hurricanes require surface water temperatures to be warmer than 79 degrees. Tropical storms and hurricanes require warm ocean temperatures as their fuel or energy in order to form and strengthen. Interaction with the warm, tropical ocean waters provides hurricanes with the fuel they require.
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