You are driving on a divided highway at 30 m/s, and you encounter an emergency vehicle with a siren that is emitting a constant frequency. In which of the following situations will you hear the highest frequency from the siren?
A) The emergency vehicle is behind you, moving in your direction at 40 m/s.
B) The emergency vehicle is ahead of you, moving away from you at 40 m/s.
C) The emergency vehicle is ahead of you, moving toward you from the other direction at 40 m/s.
D) The emergency vehicle is in the lane next to you, moving in the same direction at 30 m/s.

Frequency is the number of waves that pass a fixed point in unit time; also, the number of cycles or vibrations undergone during one unit of time by a body in periodic motion.
A body in periodic motion is said to have undergone one cycle or one vibration after passing through a series of events or positions and returning to its original state.
The frequency of any phenomenon with regular periodic variations can be expressed in hertz.
Since you are driving on a divided highway at 30 m/s, the highest frequency to be heard should be close enough the source.
So the maximum frequency to be heard is possible when the emergency vehicle is in the lane next to you, moving in the same direction at 30 m/s.

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