According to the Constitution, a constitutional convention can be called by two-thirds of the State legislatures or by the Congress with a two-thirds majority vote in both the House of Representatives and the Senate.
The amendment procedure is extremely challenging and time-consuming: The legislatures of three-fourths of the states must ratify an amendment once it has been approved by two-thirds of both houses of Congress. In the 1980s, the ERA Amendment failed to gain approval from the required number of state legislatures.
In essence, Parliament does not have unrestricted authority to modify the Constitution, and the Supreme Court is the final arbiter and interpretation of all constitutional issues.
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