The distance can be calculated using a curved path. Displacement measurements can only be made along straight lines. Distance is path-dependent, meaning it varies depending on the direction followed. Displacement simply depends on the body's initial and final positions; it is independent of the path.
An object's position changes if it moves in relation to a reference frame, such as when a passenger moves to the back of an airplane or a lecturer moves to the right in relation to a whiteboard. Displacement describes this shift in location.
However, displacement accounts for both the size and the direction of an object's motion. Therefore, while displacement is a vector quantity, distance is a scalar quantity. Displacement can be positive, negative, or zero, but distance is always positive or zero.
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