Animals experience an oxidative breakdown of amino acids under three different metabolic conditions: 1. Some amino acids released from protein breakdown that are not required for new protein synthesis go through oxidative degradation during the normal production and destruction of cellular proteins (protein turnover).
Without going through oxidation, some amino acids can be deaminated to release NH3. (a) Amino acid dehydrases: Serine, threonine, and homoserine are the hydroxy amino acids. They go via non-oxidative deamination, which PLP-dependent dehydrases catalyze (dehydratases).In oxidative deamination, amino groups are taken off of amino acids, producing matching keto acids and ammonia in the process. As a result, amino acids are in a sense "wasted" when they are not employed to create protein or other nitrogen-containing molecules.
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