find the net gravitational force fnet acting on the earth in the sun-earth-moon system during the full moon (when the earth is located directly between the moon and the sun).

The gravitational force of attraction experienced by one body due to the other body is given by the Newton’s law of Gravitation. The newton’s law of Gravitation states that the force experienced by the bodies is directly proportional to the product of the masses of the two bodies and inversely proportional to the square of distance between the bodies.

The force experienced by the Earth due to the moon is;

Fe=GMeMm/r²em (Me is mass of earth)

(Mm is mass of moon)

(r_em is the distance between earth and moon)

Here, is the force experienced by Earth due to moon, is the distance between Earth and Moon.

The mass of the Earth is : 5.97 × 10²⁴ kg

The mass of the Moon is : 7.34 × 10²⁴ kg

The distance between the Earth and Moon is : 3.84 x 10⁸ m

Substitute the values in the above expression,

hence we will get :-

Fem= 1.986 x 10²⁰ N

The force experienced by the Earth due to the Sun is;

Fes=GMeMs/r²es ( Me is the mass of earth)

(Ms is the mass of sun)

(r_es is the distance between earth and sun)

Here, is the force experienced by Earth due to Sun, is the distance between Earth and Sun.

The mass of the Sun is : 1.9891 × 10³⁰ kg

The distance between the Earth and Sun is: 1.5 x 10¹¹ m

Substitute the values in the above expression,

hence we will get the force as :

Fes = 3.54 x 10²² N

The net force acting on the Earth is given as:

Fₙ = Fem + Fes ; ( Fₙ is the net force acting )

Substitute the values of forces.

Fₙ = 1.986 x 10²⁰ + 3.524 x 10²²

Fₙ = 3.544 x 10²² N

Thus, the gravitational force of attraction on Earth due to the Sun and the Moon is :3.544 x 10²² N

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