Along with major O'Neill influences Ibsen and Strindberg, George Bernard Shaw's plays were frequently performed on American playwrights.
The Weavers, a play by German playwright Gerhart Hauptmann, explores class struggle during the Industrial Revolution. O'Neill and other playwrights introduced a new type of American drama using these European masterpieces as their models. The first native American tragedy, according to theatre historians, was O'Neill's Beyond the Horizon, which had its debut in 1920. O'Neill's involvement with the Provincetown Players, one of the many so-called "small theatres," which formed in the 1910s to offer alternatives to the commercial drama of the day, contributed to the creation of that piece.
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