Option (d), projects that are contingent are groups or pairs of projects that you can accept some of but not all of.
A contingent project is one whose approval or denial completely depends on the acceptance of the contingency or dependence on the approval or denial of another project.
Contingency is the existence of statements that are neither true under every possible valuation nor untrue under every possible valuation in philosophy and logic. The truth or falsity of a contingent assertion is not predetermined.
Consequentially, the term "contingent pairs of projects" denotes that such pairs of projects may include some but not all.
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