Adaptive radiation is used to describe a period characterized by very high rates of speciation.
A rapid growth in the number of species sharing a common ancestor that is characterized by high ecological and morphological variety is known as adaptive radiation. It is driven by organisms' ability to adapt to novel ecological situations.
Adaptive radiation is responsible for the diversity of Galapagos finches. Their beaks have altered in size and form during evolution, allowing them to adapt to a variety of diets: some species primarily consume animals, while others prefer seeds or plants; some forage in trees, while others do it on the ground. The variety of settings and food choices are what drove the quick differentiation of these finch species. These species all originated from a single common ancestor and today exhibit significant ecological and phenotypic variety.
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