- form the myelin sheath in the CNS
- ciliated cells resembling epithelium
- produce and circulate CSF
- macrophages of the CNS
- most abundant CNS glial cells
- multi-functioning cell involved with neurogenesis, scar formation, etc.
- form the myelin sheath in the PNS
- insulate neurons and enhance the rate of transmission in the PNS
- surround and insulate cells of the PNS and found around the somas
Glia are non-neuronal cells in the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the peripheral nervous system that do not produce electrical impulses. They are also known as glial cells (gliocytes) or neuroglia. They keep the body in balance, form myelin in the peripheral nervous system, and support and protect neurons. Glial cells include oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, ependymal cells, and microglia in the central nervous system, and Schwann cells and satellite cells in the peripheral nervous system.
Glial cells are far more diverse and functional than neurons, and they can respond to and manipulate neurotransmission in a variety of ways. They can also have an impact on memory preservation and consolidation.
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