(a) The final volume after expansion is V2=4.29 L.
(b) The final temperature after the expansion is, T2=879K.
(c) The gas pressure after the decrease is P2=1atm.
(d) The final gas pressure is P3 = 3atm
Let V1 be the initial volume of the gas. Considering nitrogen as an ideal gas, use the ideal gas equation to find the initial volume as,
P1V1=nRT1...............(1)
Consider the value of universal gas constant as,
R=0.0821L⋅atm⋅mol⁻¹⋅K⁻¹.
Convert temperature to Kelvin,
T1=(20+273)K=293K
Consider the molar weight of nitrogen gas as, mm=28g/mole.
The number of moles in 5g of nitrogen gas is,
n=m/mm
Substitute the known values,
n=5g/(28g/mole)
=0.179mol
Substitute all the known and calculated values in equation (1),
V1=0.179mol×0.0821L⋅atm⋅mol−1⋅K−1×293K3atm/3 atm
=1.43L
B.
The final temperature after the expansion is, T2=879K.
The temperature after the expansion is evaluated using the formula,
V1/T1=V2/T2
T2=V2T1/V1
Substitute the known values,
T2=4.29L×293K/1.43L
=879K
C .
The gas pressure after the decrease is P2=1atm.
Using relation,
PV/T=constant
Since volume is kept constant,
P1/T2=P2/T3
P2=P1T3/T2
Substitute the known values,
P2=3atm×293K/879K
=1atm
D.
The final gas pressure is P3 = 3atm
Given data:
Gas is isothermally compressed to regain the initial volume, that is,
V3=1.43L .
Using relation,
PV/T=constant
Since temperature is kept constant,
P2/V2=P3/V3
P3=P2V2/V3
Substitute the known values,
P2=1atm×4.29L/1.43L
=3atm
The final gas pressure is P3=3atm
Pressure (symbol: p or P) is the force normal to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed.
Various units are used to express pressure. Some of these are units of force divided by units of area. For example, the SI unit of pressure, Pascal (Pa), is 1 Newton per square meter (N/m2). Similarly, pound-force per square inch (psi) is the traditional unit of pressure in imperial and US systems. Pressure can also be expressed as standard atmospheric pressure. Atmospheric pressure (atm) is equal to this pressure and torr is defined as 1/760 of this.
Therefore, manometric units such as centimeters of water, millimeters of mercury, and inches of mercury are used to express pressure as the height of a particular liquid column within a manometer.
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