Changes in gene expression in prokaryotes are tightly linked to changes in the environment. For that reason almost all of the changes are fully reversible, depending on environmental conditions.
Due to the lack of a defined nucleus, prokaryotic gene expression (both transcription and translation) occurs within the cytoplasm of a cell; thus, the DNA is freely located within the cytoplasm. Gene expression is a highly regulated process. It allows for cellular differentiation in multicellular organisms; in single-celled organisms such as prokaryotes, it primarily ensures that a cell's resources are not wasted making proteins that the cell does not require at the time.
Only by controlling the amount of transcription can prokaryotic cells regulate gene expression. The complexity of controlling gene expression increased as eukaryotic cells evolved. For example, the evolution of eukaryotic cells resulted in the compartmentalization of important cellular components and processes.
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