When a chemical ligand, such a neurotransmitter, attaches to a protein, the ion channel is said to be ligand-gated. In response to variations in membrane potential, voltage channels open and close.
At resting membrane potential, voltage-gated ion channels are usually closed; but, upon depolarization of the membrane, they open. Through a domain that senses voltage, these channels are able to track changes in electric potential across the membrane.
Both open and closed voltage-gated potassium channels exist. When an action potential occurs, three basic things happen: The cell body depolarizes as a result of a triggering event.
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