As a system reaches thermal equilibrium, thermal energy has been transferred from areas of high to low temperature.
Heat is the transfer of energy from a high to a low temperature. The system (or combination of systems) is said to be in thermal equilibrium when these temperatures level out and heat stops flowing. Thermal equilibrium indicates that no matter is flowing into or out of the system.
Thermal energy may be transferred in three ways: conduction, convection, and radiation. Conduction occurs when heat energy is exchanged between nearby molecules that are in touch with one another.
When two things are in thermal equilibrium, there is no net heat movement between them, and their temperatures are the same.
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