Further separating the right and left sides of the heart are two bottom chambers called ventricles that pump blood into the arteries and two top chambers called atria that receive blood from the veins. Working together to pump blood from the heart, the atria and ventricles contract and relax.
The heart's work is done by which layer.
There are three layers that make up the heart wall: an exterior, thin layer called the epicardium, a middle layer called the myocardium, and an interior layer called the endocardium (thin layer). The contraction and relaxation that cause the heart to beat and pump are carried out by cardiac muscle fibers found in the myocardium.
What are the functions of the pericardium and epicardium?
The epicardium is another name for the visceral layer of the serous pericardium. All of the aforementioned layers serve to protect the heart and aid in contraction as their primary function.
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