In humans, brown eyes (B) are dominant over blue eyes (b). A brown-eyed woman who has a blue-eyed child would have the genotype is C. BbBb.
Step 1: To determine the genotype of the brown-eyed woman, we must first look at the possible genotypes of the child. Since the child has blue eyes, we know the child must have at least one recessive allele (b) in their genotype.
Step 2: Since the woman has brown eyes and the child has blue eyes, we can infer that the woman must have at least one dominant allele (B) and one recessive allele (b).
Step 3: Given these pieces of information, the woman must have either the BB or Bb genotype.
Step 4: Therefore, the genotype of the brown-eyed woman is either BB or Bb.
Genotype is an individual's genetic makeup, which is made up of a combination of alleles at particular loci on chromosomes. It is the set of genetic instructions that determine the physical characteristics of an organism, such as physical appearance, growth rate, and even behavior. Genotype is often contrasted with phenotype, which is the physical manifestation of the genotype.
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