The haphazard alignment of homologous pairs of chromosomes during meiosis I can be used to explain the independent distribution of alleles of various genes.
Various genes and their alleles are inherited independently in sexually reproducing organisms, according to the Law of Independent Assortment. . Through the process of crossing-over, genes connected to a chromosome can reorganise themselves.
Within a diploid organism, homologous chromosomes are two bits of DNA that share the same genes, one from each parent. In plainer terms, both of your parents give you a full genome. The 23 chromosomes that are provided by each parent contain the same genes, making them identical.
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