Because a higher water level translates into a lower atmospheric pressure, the wet CO2 gas pressure is lower than the atmospheric pressure.
Wet CO2 gas pressure is therefore lower than air pressure outside the collection cylinder if the water level inside is higher than the water level outside.
By displacing water, a gas created during a chemical reaction can be collected. As a result of being gathered over water, the gas is not pure and is instead combined with water vapor. By deducting the contribution of the water vapor, the amount of the desired gas can be calculated using Dalton's law.
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