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The central idea of the first six chapters of Dickens's Oliver Twist is the exploitation of the vulnerable and the powerlessness of the poor. Oliver Twist is a young orphan who is born in a workhouse and is immediately thrust into a life of poverty and suffering.
He is forced to work from a young age and is often abused by those in positions of power. He is also subject to the whims of the authorities, who use him to their own ends regardless of his safety or well-being.
Throughout the first six chapters of Oliver Twist, Dickens demonstrates the powerlessness of the poor and the exploitation of the vulnerable. For example, Oliver is taken advantage of by a cruel master, Mr. Sowerberry, who assigns him to hard labor and makes him work long hours in a coffin shop. The parish authorities also take advantage of Oliver, as they sell him to a chimney sweeper, a job that is both physically and emotionally demanding.
Dickens also shows that the vulnerable are preyed upon by those in positions of power. Mr. Bumble, the parish beadle, attempts to extort money from Oliver's mother before he is born. He also threatens Oliver with the workhouse if he does not comply with his requests. The Artful Dodger, a member of a criminal gang, also preys on Oliver, by luring him away from the safety of the workhouse and into a life of crime and danger.
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