If the vector x has elements {34, 67, 3, 0, 78}, then after the loop, the elements of the vector will be {67, 3, 0, 78, 78}. Therefore, the correct answer is option B: 67, 3, 0, 78, 78.
This is because the loop starts at the first element, 34, and replaces it with the second element, 67. Then, it replaces the second element with the third element, 3, and so on until the second-to-last element is replaced with the last element, 78. The last element is not modified by the loop because the loop only iterates over the elements of the vector up to the second-to-last element (i < x.size() - 1).
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