Molecules with functional groups are more reactive as they are polar in nature.
They have higher boiling points and melting points because the interactions among the polar groups causes them to be strongly together and hence higher energy is required to break the bonds. They are also soluble in water because of hydrogen bonding between the polar bonds of molecules and water.
These can all be easily remembered as the carboxylic acids which have acid functional group and they have higher melting, boiling points. They are also soluble in water and are more reactive than hydrocarbons of same weight. A primary alcohol has hydroxy group attached to primary carbon i.e. the carbon attached to only one carbon. All the options have primary alcohols.
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