Gene regulation in prokaryotes: Genes are found on a single chromosome. Operons are groups of genes, and mRNA transcripts frequently designate several proteins.
Unlike eukaryotic cells, where gene expression is regulated at the epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational levels, prokaryotes primarily regulate gene expression at the transcriptional level (although some epigenetic and post-translational regulation is also present).
Both transcriptional activators and repressors control gene expression in eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic repressors bind to specific DNA sequences and prevent transcription, just like their prokaryotic counterparts. Both organisms have a cell membrane, the genetic material that is passed on through reproduction, and ribosomes that synthesize proteins.
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