You have sequenced the genome of the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium, and you are using BL.AST analysis to identify similarities within the S. typhimurium genome to known proteins. You find a protein that is 100 percent identical in the bacterium Escherichia coli When you compare nucleotide sequences of the
S. typhimurium and coli genes, you find that their nucleotide sequences are only 87 percent identical.
a. Explain this observation.
b. What do these observations tell you about the merits of nucleotide- versus protein-similarity searches in identifying related genes?

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annabelle4375 annabelle4375

10-12-2022
Biology

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You have sequenced the genome of the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium, and you are using BL.AST analysis to identify similarities within the S. typhimurium genome to known proteins. You find a protein that is 100 percent identical in the bacterium Escherichia coli When you compare nucleotide sequences of the
S. typhimurium and coli genes, you find that their nucleotide sequences are only 87 percent identical.
a. Explain this observation.
b. What do these observations tell you about the merits of nucleotide- versus protein-similarity searches in identifying related genes?

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abhinavjh321 abhinavjh321 · Answer 1 · 2022-12-17T15:53:47+01:00

A) change in the DNA nucleotide sequence, particularly at the nucleotides coding for the third position of a codon, can occur without changing the translated protein because the triplet code is excessive.

B) suggest about the relative advantages of searching for related genes based on nucleotide similarity vs protein similarity.

Protein clusters are expected to evolve and change more gradually than the characteristics that encode them. The majority of codons are adaptable in their nucleotide locations, which allows the DNA sequence to accumulate modifications without affecting protein structure. Given that amino acid modifications may alter the structure and functionality of the protein, protein groupings will grow and diverge all the more gradually. Since the succession of amino corrosives is essentially forced, natural selection will eliminate many deleterious amino corrosive modifications. As a result, the pace of advancement in the amino corrosive succession will slow down, and the amino corrosive arrangement will have more prominent grouping protection as compared to the nucleotide arrangement.

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