The orange metal visible after one week from iron + copper sulfate is called rust.
What is rust?
- Rust is an iron oxide, a usually reddish-brown oxide formed by the reaction of iron and oxygen in the catalytic presence of water or air moisture.
- Rust consists of hydrous iron(III) oxides and iron(III) oxide-hydroxide and is typically associated with the corrosion of refined iron.
- Rust can have catastrophic effects on iron-based alloys. The rusting process can eventually thin the iron alloy until it is unsuitable for its original intended purpose.
- Excessive rusting can cause structures to collapse and pipelines to burst.
- Rust can also ruin the aesthetic appeal of iron components.
- There are several methods used for rust prevention, and one is galvanic protection. This involves placing a sacrificial anode in contact with the iron component.
- The sacrificial anode will be more likely to absorb the oxygen molecules than the iron, which prevents the formation of iron oxide.
- Adding additional alloying elements to an iron-based alloy can also help prevent rust. Sufficient additions of chromium and nickel are used in stainless steel to prevent rust formation.
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