From Newton’s second law of motion, the value of the force is calculated by multiplying the mass and the acceleration as,
F = mass x acceleration
If we substitute the known values into the equation,
16 N = 80 kg x acceleration
Acceleration = 0.2 m/s2
The magnitude of the acceleration of the astronaut : 0.2 m/s²
Newton's 2nd law explains that the acceleration produced by the resultant force on an object is proportional and in line with the resultant force and inversely proportional to the mass of the object
∑F = m. a
[tex] \large {\boxed {\bold {a = \frac {\sum F} {m}}} [/tex]
F = force, N
m = mass = kg
a = acceleration due to gravity, m / s²
the astronaut throws the tool with a force of 16.0 N ⇒ F = 16 N
the total mass of the astronaut after she throws the tool is 80.0 kg
⇒ m = 80 kg
magnitude of the acceleration of the astronaut during the throw
[tex]\rm a=\dfrac{F}{m}\\\\a=\dfrac{16\:N}{80\:kg}\\\\a=\boxed{\bold{0.2\:\dfrac{m}{s^2}}}[/tex]
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